• br Transparency document br Introduction G protein coupled r

  2023-07-12

  

  Transparency document Introduction G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise a diverse family of seven transmembrane domain-containing receptors represented by over 800 genes in humans. GPCRs respond to a range of stimuli, including peptides, hormones, growth factors, lipids, odorants, and

• Previous reports indicate that the expression

  2023-07-06

  

  Previous reports indicate that the expression of AChRs and their clustering on myotubes are critical factors required to induce contacts on muscle fibers in a natural biological system [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19]. For instance, in NMJ development in the mouse, AChRs are pre-patterned at sites

• Double immunofluorescence staining of Gas

  2023-07-06

  

  Double immunofluorescence staining of Gas6 and Axl with neuronal specific nuclear protein (NeuN), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), demonstrated that Gas6 and Axl are expressed by neurons, astrocytes and microglia/macrophages (Fig. 2). In

• A positive correlation between nasopharyngeal CCL

  2023-07-05

  

  A positive correlation between nasopharyngeal CCL3 and CCL5 [16] concentrations and illness severity was shown in evaluating patients with RSV bronchiolitis [17]. CCL5 and CCL3 are important for monocyte and lymphocyte recruitment to the lung during RSV infection [7], [16], [18]. Despite the signifi

• Ticarcillin sodium ASK belongs to the family of MAPKKK ASK

  2023-07-05

  

  ASK1 belongs to the family of MAPKKK. ASK1-mediated apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases such as I/R injury, infectious diseases and neurodegenerative disorders [33], [34], [35]. ASK1 can be activated through different mechanisms. One mechanism is that oxidative stress direc

• br Experimental All reagents were analytical grade and were

  2023-07-05

  

  Experimental All reagents were analytical grade and were used without further purification. The morphology was characterized using a field emission scanning electron microscope (Philips XL-30 FESEMFeSEM, ZEISS SUPRA 40VP, Germany). The hydrogel sample used for SEM analysis was freeze dried. All e

• An unbiased evaluation of hepatic mRNA was

  2023-07-05

  

  An unbiased evaluation of hepatic mRNA was performed to assess the impact of hepatocyte AMPK activation on the transcriptome. The expression of 913 genes were altered in control mice after chronic PF-06409577 treatment, 188 genes were affected by knocking out AMPK in hepatocytes, and expression of

• Cell surface metalloproteases coordinate signaling during de

  2023-07-05

  

  Cell surface metalloproteases coordinate signaling during development, tissue homeostasis, and disease. A disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) is a well-characterized member among ADAM family, which mediates the cleavage of various cell surface proteins (Black, 2002, Black et al., 1997, Dello

• MAPs require divalent transition metal ions as cofactors

  2023-07-05

  

  MAPs require divalent transition metal ions as cofactors for activity [21]. Previous studies on MAPs from different organisms indicate cobalt ions to be the most preferred divalent metal activator [22]. However, MAPs also exhibit activity with other divalent cations like Mn(II), Ca(II), Ni(II) or Fe

• Despite extensive studies on the

  2023-07-05

  

  Despite extensive studies on the expression of T. pallidum-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines, very little is known about T. pallidum-mediated intracellular signaling pathway activation, that leads to cytokine expression in macrophages. A network of signaling molecules, transcription factors, epigen

• Mass spectrometry MS analysis and selective enrichment

  2023-07-05

  

  Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis and selective enrichment methods of phosphorylated proteins are powerful tools that can help address these challenges. Recent advances in MS have made it possible to analyze signaling pathways by facilitating high-throughput identification of phosphorylation sites wit

• In our previous study adiponectin system genes and

  2023-07-05

  

  In our previous study, adiponectin system (genes and proteins) expression in the porcine endometrium and myometrium was observed on Days 2 to 3, 10 to 12, 14 to 16, and 17 to 19 of the estrous cycle [23]. Adiponectin receptors expression (mRNA) in the porcine endometrium was described by Lord et al.

• Beside activation of adenosine receptors A a A a A

  2023-07-05

  

  Beside activation of adenosine receptors (A2a.1, A2a.2, A2b) by FSK treatment, the expression of adenosine receptors was also upregulated, when embryos were exposed to inhibitors (SU5416 and DAPT) alone and also combined with FSK. Our data imply that adenosine receptor was associated with a positive

• The enzyme mediated ATP sensing mechanism in

  2023-07-05

  

  The enzyme-mediated ATP-sensing mechanism in zebrafish can be compared with previous studies in other animal species reporting that enzymatic conversion of chemicals in the peripheral olfactory organ results in either “activation” or “inactivation” of odorants and pheromones. In male silkmoth, the a

• An alternative approach to the administration of ADO

  2023-07-05

  

  An alternative approach to the administration of ADO agonists is to amplify the actions of endogenous ADO by inhibiting the ADO-metabolizing enzyme, ADO kinase (AK). Inhibition of AK has the net effect of potentiating the local concentration and the effects of ADO in the extracellular compartment. T

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